1 Introduction
In 1750 BC, a great flood occurred in the upper reaches of the Cephisus River, which flows north of Mount Parnassus.
The Ectenes, led by Ogygus, migrated downstream of the Cephisus River and settled southeast of Lake Copais. [1]
In 1580 BC, part of the Ectenes, led by the grandfather of Hellen's father Deucalion, moved north from Boeotia, under pressure from other tribes such as the Hyantes. Deucalion founded Pyrrha (later Melitaea) near the source of the Enipeus River, which flows from the south into the Peneius River in northern Thessaly. [2]
Deucalion had two sons, Hellen and Amphictyon. [3]
Hellen ruled Phthiotis in Thessaly, and the people of that region were called Hellenes (or Hellas). [4]
Hellenes was born in Phthiotis, Thessaly, around 1500 BC.
2 Aeolus, son of Hellen
Hellen had three sons, Aeolus, Xuthus, and Dorus. [5]
In 1470 BC, Aeolus and Dorus expelled Xuthus from Melitaea, and Xuthus emigrated to Athens. [6]
In 1465 BC, Xuthus founded Tetrapolis (Oenoe, Marathon, Probalinthus, Tricorynthus) in northeastern Attica. [7]
In 1442 BC, Xuthus emigrated from Athens to Aegialus (later Achaia), north of the Peloponnesus. [8]
Xuthus' son Achaeus became the ancestor of the Achaeans, and Xuthus' son Ion became the ancestor of the Ionians. [9]
In 1460 BC, Dorus migrated from Melitaea to the area near the Peneius River. [10]
Dorus became the ancestor of the Dorians. [11]
Aeolus succeeded his father and lived in Melitaea, and ruled over Phthiotis. [12]
Aeolus had five sons: Mimas, Cretheus, Hypseus, Sisyphus, and Athamas. [13]
Aeolus became the ancestor of the Aeolians (or Aeolis). [14]
2.1 Hypseus, son of Aeolus
In 1445 BC, Hypseus migrated from Melitaea to near Mount Pelion. [15]
2.2 Cretheus, son of Aeolus
In 1420 BC, Cretheus, together with Dorus, migrated from Arne to near Mount Parnassus, and from there to Crete. [16]
2.3 Sisyphus, son of Aeolus
In 1420 BC, Sisyphus migrated from Melitaea to Aegialus with the sons of his cousin Achaeus. [17]
In 1407 BC, Sisyphus migrated from Aegialus to the east of Sicyon and founded Ephyra (later Corinth). [18]
In 1390 BC, Aeetes, son of Sisyphus, migrated from Corinth to Colchis on the east side of the Black Sea. [19]
In 1370 BC, Coronus and Haliartus, the sons of Thersander, son of Sisyphus, migrated from Ephyra to Boeotia and founded Coroneia and Haliartus. [20]
In 1365 BC, Almus, son of Sisyphus, migrated from Ephyra to the north of Lake Copais in Boeotia and founded Olmones. [21]
Minyas, son of Chryses, son of Chrysogeneia, daughter of Almus, became the eponym of the Minyans. [22]
The descendants of Minyas are described in "Genealogy of Minyans."
In 1360 BC, Aloeus, son of Aloeus, son of Sisyphus, migrated from Ephyra to Anthedon in Boeotia. [23]
In 1330 BC, two sons of Aloeus, Otus and Ephialtes, emigrated from Anthedon to Strongyle (later Naxos).[24]
2.4 Athamas, son of Aeolus
In 1415 BC, Athamas migrated from Arne to the western shore of the Pagasetic Gulf and founded Halus. [25]
In 1390 BC, Athamas migrated from Halus to Boeotia and founded Acraephium (or Acraephnium). [26]
In 1390 BC, Athamas' son Phrixus went from Acraephium to his cousin Aeetes in Corinth, from where he migrated to Colchis. [27]
In 1380 BC, Athamas' son Schoeneus migrated east-southeast from Acraephium and founded Schoenus. [28]
In 1370 BC, Phrixus' son Presbon migrated with his brother Melas from Colchis to Boeotia, where his grandfather Athamas lived. [29]
In 1370 BC, Cytissorus, son of Phrixus, migrated from Colchis to the southern shore of the Black Sea and founded Cytorus. [30]
In 1350 BC, Aspledon, son of Orchomenus, son of Athamas, migrated from Acraephium to the northwest of Lake Copais and founded Aspledon. [31]
In 1340 BC, Aspledon migrated from Aspledon to the southwest of Lake Copais and founded Mideia. [32]
In 1256 BC, Schoeneus, a descendant of Schoeneus, migrated from Schoenus in Boeotia to the northwest of Tegea in Arcadia and founded Schoenus. [33]
In 1230 BC, Telephus, son of Clymenus, son of Schoeneus, emigrated with his mother Auge to Mysia of Pergamene in Asia Minor.[34]
2.5 Mimas, son of Aeolus
Mimas lived in Melitaea after his father. [35]
In 1435 BC, Achaeus, son of Xuthus, whom Mimas' father Aeolus had expelled from Thessaly, attacked Phthiotis from Aegialus. Mimas moved north from Melitaea down the Enipeus River, near the confluence with the Curius River, which flows from the west, and founded Arne. [36]
The only son of Mimas is known to be Hippotes. [37]
3 Hippotes, son of Mimas
Hippotes lived in Melitaea after his father. [38]
The only son of Hippotes known to be Aeolus. [39]
There are legends of the time of Hellen, son of Deucalion, and Aeolus, son of Hellen, but not of Mimas and Hippotes.
Only the genealogy of Hippotes, son of Mimas, son of Aeolus, son of Hellen, has been passed down.
Mimas and Hippotes had many sons, and it is assumed that the Aenianians, Perrhaebi, and other tribes were derived from the Aeolians through their sons.
4 Aeolus, son of Hippotes
Aeolus was born in 1432 BC as the son of Hippotes, son of Mimas, and Melanippe. [40]
Aeolus inherited Arne of Thessaly from his father, and had many sons.
However, Aeolus was succeeded by Boeotus, son of Melanippe, daughter of Aeolus. [41]
The people led by the descendants of Boeotus came to be called the Boeotians.[42]
4.1 Descendants of Boeotus
In 1325 BC, Zethus and Amphion attacked and captured Cadmeia (later Thebes). [43]
Locrus, the brother of Zethus' wife Thebe, led Leleges to the aid of his brothers-in-law. [44]
Itonus, the son of Boeotus, also participated in the battle and won, and the Boeotians migrated from Thessaly to Boeotia. [45]
Itonus was the son of Boeotus, the son of Melanippe, the wife of Itonus, the brother of Locrus' father Physcius, and Itonus and Locrus were cousins. [46]
In 1126 BC, Damasichthon, a descendant of Boeotus, drove Autesion, the son of Tisamenus, out of Thebes and took control of the whole of Boeotia. [47]
5 Wives of Aeolus, son of Hippotes
Aeolus had at least five wives.
5.1 Enarete, daughter of Deimachus
Enarete's father Deimachus was presumably the son of Hypseus, brother of Aeolus' grandfather Mimas, who lived near Mount Pelion in eastern Thessaly. Enarete was Aeolus' second cousin. [48]
5.2 Protogenia, daughter of Deucalion
Aethlius, who founded Elis, was the son of Aeolus and Protogenia, daughter of Deucalion. Thus Protogenia was also Aeolus' wife. [49]
Protogenia's father Deucalion was the son of Dorus, son of Hellen, and lived in Locris. [50]
5.3 Thyia, daughter of Deucalion
Magnes and Macedon, godfathers of Macedonia, were the sons of Thyia, daughter of Deucalion. [51]
Magnes' father was Aeolus. [52]
Thyia was also the wife of Aeolus.
5.4 Stilbe, daughter of Peneius
Lapithes, ancestor of the Lapiths, was fathered by Aeolus and his mother was Stilbe. [53]
Stilbe was also the wife of Aeolus.
Peneius, father of Stilbe, is thought to be the godfather of the Peneius River, which flows through the northern part of Thessaly, and is presumed to be the son of Tectamus, son of Dorus. [54]
5.5 Iphis (or Iphys), daughter of Peneius
Salmoneus' father was Aeolus and his mother was Iphis. [55]
So Iphis was also Aeolus' wife.
Iphis was the youngest of Aeolus' wives.
6 Sons of Aeolus, son of Hippotes
6.1 Andreus, son of Aeolus
In 1380 BC, Andreus emigrated from Arne in Thessaly to Boeotia and founded Andreis. [56]
Andreis was later relocated and a new town was built, which became Orchomenus.
6.2 Deion (or Deione, Deioneus), son of Aeolus
In 1365 BC, Deion migrated from Arne to Phocis. [57]
In 1325 BC, Phylacus, son of Deion, migrated from Phocis to Thessaly and founded Phylace northwest of the Pagasetic Gulf. [58]
6.3 Perieres, son of Aeolus
In 1390 BC, Perieres, along with his brothers Macareus and Aethlius, migrated from Arne to Olenus, northwest of the Peloponnesus. [59]
In 1345 BC, Pisus, son of Perieres, migrated from Olenus to Eleia near the Alpheius River and founded Pisa. [60]
In 1315 BC, Pisus was driven out of Pisa by Oenomaus and migrated to Pharae in Messenia. [61]
Pharae was founded by Pharis, father of Telegone, wife of Pisus. [62]
6.4 Macareus (or Macar), son of Aeolus
In 1390 BC, Macareus, along with his brothers Aethlius and Perieres, emigrated from Arne to Olenus, northwest of the Peloponnesus. [63]
Macareus then led a group of settlers to Pelasgia (later Lesbos). [64]
Macareus' sons expanded their sphere of influence by emigrated to the neighboring islands, and Pelasgia came to be called the house of Macareus. [65]
In 1370 BC, Macareus' eldest son emigrated to Chios. [66]
In 1365 BC, Macareus' son Cydrolaus emigrated to Samos. [67]
In 1340 BC, Leucippus, son of Macareus, emigrated to Rhodes. [68]
In 1340 BC, Neandrus, son of Macareus, emigrated to Cos. [69]
The islands ruled by Macareus and his sons were called Macaron. [70]
6.5 Aethlius, son of Aeolus
In 1390 BC, Aethlius, along with his brothers Macareus and Perieres, migrated from Arne to Olenus, northwest of the Peloponnesus. [71]
Aethlius migrated from Olenus to the north of Eleia, near the Peneius River, and founded Elis. [72]
The Aeolians changed their name to Epeans. [73]
In 1320 BC, the Aeolians, led by Aetolus, son of Endymion, son of Aethlius, migrated from Elis to Aetolia and changed their name to Aetolians. [74]
In 1320 BC, the Aeolians, led by Paeon, son of Endymion, son of Aethlius, migrated from Elis to Paeonia and changed their name to Paeonians. [75]
In 1105 BC, Oxylus, a descendant of Aetolus, migrated from Aetolia to Elis. [76]
6.6 Macedon, son of Aeolus
In 1350 BC, Macedon, along with his brother Magnes, led the Aeolians from Arne to Macedonia near Mount Olympus. [77]
The Aeolians changed their name to Macedonians. [78]
In 1315 BC, Macedon's son Emathion migrated from near Mount Olympus to the sea and founded Emathia. [79]
In 1305 BC, Macedon's son Europus migrated from near Mount Olympus to a place a little north of Pella and founded Europus. [80]
In 1305 BC Beres, son of Macedon, migrated from near Mount Olympus to Macedonia and founded Beris. [81]
In 1285 BC Galadrus, son of Emathion, migrated from Emathia to Pieria and founded Galadrae. [82]
6.7 Magnes, son of Aeolus
In 1350 BC, Magnes and his brother Macedon migrated from Arne to Macedonia near Mount Olympus. [83]
The Aeolians changed their name to Magnesians. [84]
In 1330 BC, Magnes' son Glaphyrus migrated from near Mount Olympus to Lake Boebeis in Thessaly and founded Glaphyrae. [85]
In 1320 BC, Magnes' son Methon migrated from near Mount Olympus to the northwest shore of the Thermaic Gulf and founded Methone. [86]
In 1310 BC, Magnes' son Pierus founded Pieria (later Lyngus) north of Mount Olympus. [87]
The Macedonians who lived in Pieria changed their name to Pierians. [88]
The Pierians were later driven out of Macedonia by the descendants of Caranus, son of Pheidon, who had migrated from Argos, and settled in Thracia, at the foot of Mount Pangaeus. [89]
In 1244 BC, Philoctetes, son of Poeas, descendant of Magnes, migrated to Croton in the south of the Italian peninsula, and settled in Macalla. [90]
6.8 Lapithus (or Lapithes), son of Aeolus
In 1365 BC, Lapithus, son of Aeolus, migrated from Arne to the north of the Peneius River. [91]
The people led by the descendants of Lapithus came to be called Lapiths. [92]
The descendants of Lapithus are described in "Genealogy of Lapiths."
6.9 Salmoneus, son of Aeolus
In 1335 BC, Salmoneus emigrated from Arne to Eleia and founded Salmone. [93]
6.10 Cretheus, son of Aeolus
In 1350 BC, Cretheus migrated from Arene to the northern shore of the Pagasetic Gulf and founded Iolcus. [94]
In 1303 BC, Cretheus' son Neleus, accompanied by his half-brother Amythaon, migrated from Iolcus to Eleia and founded Pylus. [95]
The Aeolians changed their name to Pylians.
In 1245 BC, Neleus's sons migrated south from Pylus and founded Lepreatic Pylus. [96]
In 1209 BC, Nestor, son of Neleus, led the Eleans to Messenia near Arene and founded Pylus. [97]
In 1111 BC, Melanthus, a descendant of Neleus, emigrated from Messenia to Athens after being attacked by the Dorians. [98]
In 1068 BC, Androclus, son of Codrus, led a colony from Athens to Asia Minor and founded Ephesus. [99]
Androclus's colony included Pylians. [100]
In 829 BC, the Pylians, who had lived in Ephesus, migrated north of the Meles River and founded Smyrna. [101]
Smyrna later joined the Ionian League. Although its inhabitants were Aeolians, they settled in Ionia.
7 Spread of Aeolians Settlements
In 1470 BC, the Aeolians were born in Melitaea, Thessaly.
7.1 Spread in Thessaly
In 1415 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Arne migrated to the western shore of the Pagasetic Gulf and founded Halus.
In 1390 BC, the Aeolians expelled the Pelasgians who lived in Thessaly and expanded their range to various parts of Thessaly.
In 1365 BC, the Aeolians who migrated from Arne to the north of the Peneius River changed their name to Lapiths.
In 1350 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Arne migrated to the northern shore of the Pagasetic Gulf and founded Iolcus.
In 1350 BC, the Aeolians migrated from Arne to northeastern Thessaly and changed their name to Magnesians.
In 1186 BC, the Aeolians were driven out of Thessaly by the Thesprotians, who changed their name from Pelasgians, and migrated to various places.
7.2 Spread to Boeotia
In 1390 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Halus, Thessaly, migrated into Boeotia and founded Acraephium.
In 1380 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Arne, Thessaly, migrated into Boeotia and founded Andreis (later Orchomenus).
In 1380 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Acraephium migrated east-southeast and founded Schoenus.
In 1370 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Corinth migrated into Boeotia and founded Coroneia and Haliartus.
In 1365 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Corinth migrated into Boeotia and founded Almones (or Olmones).
In 1360 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Corinth migrated to Anthedon in Boeotia.
In 1330 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Anthedon migrated to Naxos.
In 1325 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Arne changed their name to Boeotians and migrated to Boeotia.
In 1188 BC, the Boeotians who lived in Boeotia migrated to Arne.
In 1126 BC, the Boeotians who lived in Arne migrated to Boeotia and, with Thebes as their center, controlled all of Boeotia.
7.3 Spread to the Northern Peloponnesus
In 1442 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Thessaly migrated to Aegialus, north of the Peloponnesus, via Attica.
In 1407 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Aegialus founded Corinth, east of Sicyon.
In 1390 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Thessaly migrated to Olenus, northeast of the Peloponnesus.
In 1390 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Corinth migrated to Colchis, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, and changed their name to Colchians.
In 1389 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Olenus migrated to Lesbos. The Aeolians who lived in Lesbos then migrated to Chios, Samos, Rhodes, and Cos.
In 1345 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Olenus migrated to central Eleia and founded Pisa.
In 1075 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Corinth were expelled by the Dorians.
7.4 Spread to the Central Peloponnesus
In 1390 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Acraephium migrated northeast of Thebes and founded Schoenus.
In 1256 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Schoenus migrated near Tegea in Arcadia and founded Schoenus.
In 1230 BC, the Aeolians who lived in Schoenus in Arcadia migrated to Mysia in Asia Minor and changed their name to Mysians.
7.5 Spread to the Western Peloponnesus
In 1390 BC, the Aeolians, who lived in Arne in Thessaly, migrated to northern Eleia, founded Elis, and changed their name to Epeans (or Epeians).
In 1320 BC, the Epeans, who lived in Elis, migrated to Aetolia and changed their name to Aetolians.
In 1320 BC, the Epeans, who lived in Elis, migrated to Paeonia and changed their name to Paeonians.
In 1303 BC, the Aeolians, who lived in Thessaly, migrated to northern Eleia, founded Pylus, and changed their name to Pylians.
In 1292 BC, the Pylians, who lived in northern Eleia, migrated south and founded Lepreatic Pylus.
In 1209 BC, the Pylians, who lived in Lepreatic Pylus, migrated to Messenia and founded Pylus.
In 1111 BC, the Pylians, who lived in Messenia, were driven out by the Dorians and migrated to Athens.
In 1068 BC, the Pylians, who lived in Athens, migrated to Ephesus in Asia Minor.
7.6 Spread to Macedonia
In 1350 BC, Aeolians who lived in Arne, Thessaly, migrated to Macedonia near Mount Olympus and changed their name to Macedonians.
In 1320 BC, Macedonians who lived near Mount Olympus migrated to the northwest shore of the Thermaic Gulf and founded Methone.
In 1315 BC, Macedonians who lived near Mount Olympus migrated to the northwest shore of the Thermaic Gulf and founded Emmathia.
In 1310 BC, Macedonians who lived near Mount Olympus founded Pieria on the northwest shore of the Thermaic Gulf and changed their name to Pierians.
In 1305 BC, Macedonians who lived near Mount Olympus founded Europus within Macedonia.
In 1305 BC, Macedonians who lived near Mount Olympus founded Beris in Macedonia.
In 1285 BC, Macedonians who lived in Emathia migrated to Pieria and founded Galadrae.
7.7 Spread to Other Regions
In 1420 BC, Aeolians who lived in Thessaly migrated to Crete, along with Dorians, via Mount Parnassus.
In 1244 BC, Magnesians who lived in Thessaly migrated to southern Italy.
8 Greek Dark Ages
The Aeolians lived in the following areas:
Boeotia was inhabited by Aeolians who changed their name to Boeotians.
Elis in Eleia was inhabited by Aeolians who changed their name to Eleans.
Paeonia was inhabited by Aeolians who changed their name to Paeonians.
Macedonia was inhabited by Aeolians who changed their name to Macedonians or Pierians.
Cyme and Smyrna in Asia Minor were inhabited by Aeolians who migrated from Thessaly and Messenia.
Southern Italy was inhabited by Aeolians who changed their name to Magnesians.
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